Includes bibliographical reference.

Table of Contents
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary ................................................................................ iii
Executive summary................................................................................................................ v
Matrilineal inheritance and land holding .............................................................................. v
Gender gaps in labor markets and job quality....................................................................... vi
Report Team and Acknowledgements ................................................................................... viii
1. Introduction and rationale of the report............................................................................ 1
1.1. Why gender is an important issue for Bhutan................................................................. 1
1.2. Purpose and organization of the report.......................................................................... 4
2 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 5
Approach................................................................................................................................ 5
3. Findings.............................................................................................................................. 8
3.1. Matrilineal inheritance and land holding ....................................................................... 8
3.2. Gender gaps in labor markets and job quality................................................................. 12
4. Policies to promote gender equality.................................................................................. 25
4.1. Recommendation area 1: Promote equal ownership and agency over land................... 25
4.2. Recommendation area 2: Improve women’s education endowment............................. 27
4.3. Recommendation area 3: Improve women’s job quality and career advancement........29
4.4. Recommendation area 4: Address social norms that lead to gender inequality............. 31
4.5. Recommendation area 5: Conduct further research to better understand the gender
gap in happiness..................................................................................................................... 33
5 Conclusion........................................................................................................................... 35
References.............................................................................................................................. 37
Annex 1: Data Description...................................................................................................... 40
Annex 2: Statistical tables....................................................................................................... 44
Annex 3: Framework and targeting policy interventions........................................................ 49